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1. The Red Hot Blues

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 1 Format(s): Text

   This is the first in a four-part series of essays on the American musical style called “Blues.” This music grew out of the musical traditions of African slaves in the United States between 1619 and 1863, blended with the musical styles of Europe. It is closely related to Jazz. Blues and Jazz are the only two completely unique musical styles created in the United States. This article covers the history of the Blues, its influence on other musical styles, and the current state of this uniquely American music.

2. Elements of the Blues

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 1 Format(s): Text

   This is the third in a four-part series of essays on the American musical style called “Blues.” The music grew out of the musical traditions of African slaves in the United States between 1619 and 1863, blended with the musical styles of Europe. It is closely related to Jazz. Blues and Jazz are the only two completely unique musical styles created in the United States. This article covers the verse structure, the instruments, and other musical elements of the Blues.

3. All That Jazz

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 2 Format(s): Text, Image / Poster / Maps

   This article is the first of three to introduce Jazz music, which was born in the United States over a period of 200 years. Jazz was influenced by African, Latin American, and European music. It is generally accepted that Jazz was first recognized in New Orleans, Louisiana, the southeastern United States. This mostly historical article features many Jazz musicians including Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” Morton, Buddy Bolden, Joe “King” Oliver, and Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong. A list of Web sites is included.

4. The Cotton Club

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 2 Format(s): Text, Image / Poster / Maps

   This one-page piece details The Cotton Club, one of the most glamorous dance and music clubs in New York City in the 1920s and 1930s. The Cotton Club was located in Harlem, which in the 1920s was an African-American residential and cultural business center in New York. The club had 30 to 50 chorus girls who danced and sang and were only hired if they were beautiful and very tall. Although the singers and dancers were almost all black, the audience was almost all white, which was a sign of the racial American society at the time.

5. Great Nicknames of Jazz

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 2 Format(s): Text

   The last of a three-piece article describes many of the nicknames that leading American Jazz musicians had. A nickname is a name that a person earns in addition to their given name. For example, Edward Ellington was called “Duke” by his friends and family when he was a child because he acted like a member of a royal family. Musicians like Lady Day, Duke Ellington, and Dizzy Gillespie were leaders in the Jazz music culture.

6. The Lighter Side

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 2 Format(s): Text

   This "Lighter Side" begins with a contest to name a Jazz song. The answer is "Georgia On My Mind." Although there is an American state called Georgia, Georgia is the name of a girl for whom the song was written in 1930. In the second section of "The Lighter Side," definitions and uses of the word Jazz are given.

7. Chapter 10: Building a Civil Society: Breaking Down Stereotypes

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Civic Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Civic Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on the importance of breaking down stereotypes as one way to build civil societies.

8. Chapter 5: Speaking the Language of Peace

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Peace Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Peace Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on developing effective communication skills in order to carry out positive interactions in every day social situations as well as in conflict situations.

9. Chapter 6: Developing Cultural Understanding

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Peace Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Peace Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal provides students with knowledge and activities to enhance their awareness of cultural patterns among the different cultures of the world.

10. Chapter 8: Ethical Investing- Put Your Ethics Where Your Money Is!

    In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Business Ethics Format(s): Text

    This chapter in the Business Ethics volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal looks at some ways in which professional investors help companies and individuals to make ethical decisions about where they will invest their money.

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