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1. Using L1 in the L2 Classroom

   In: English Teaching Forum 2003, Volume 41, Number 4 Format(s): Text

   There may be more to the use of L1 in the L2 classroom than previously thought. Recent findings show that L1 usage values the native culture and language of the students, allowing them to feel comfortable taking risks in English. The author distributed a questionnaire on Spanish usage to English language students and professors at a Puerto Rican university. Results showed that both students and teachers felt there were clear instances where Spanish would help understanding. The author also shares his own personal experiences as a Spanish-speaking English teacher.

2. Back Translating: An Integrated Approach to Focus Learners' Attention on Their L2 Knowledge Gaps

   In: English Teaching Forum 2014, Volume 52, Number 1 Format(s): Text

   This article describes a three-step process for using back translation in reading classes as a way to help students identify gaps in their English competence.

3. Chapter 4: Individual Responsibilities and Citizenship

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Civic Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Civic Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on the responsibilities that come with citizenship.

4. Chapter 10: Building a Civil Society: Breaking Down Stereotypes

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Civic Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Civic Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on the importance of breaking down stereotypes as one way to build civil societies.

5. Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Environmental Education

   Format(s): Text

   The content in each volume of this e-journal is related to an aspect of building or maintaining a Civil Society - topics that affect students' personal or professional lives on a daily basis. The topic of this volume is environmental education.

6. Chapter 1: Endangered Species

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Environmental Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Environmental Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on endangered species, which are animals or plants that are in immediate danger of extinction.

7. Chapter 4: Rain Forests

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Environmental Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Environmental Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal focuses on tropical forests and the issues surrounding their preservation.

8. Chapter 5: Oceans and Coasts

   In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Environmental Education Format(s): Text

   This chapter in the Environmental Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal explores the present state of the world's oceans and coasts and the important role that humans play in maintaining the life and health of oceans and coastal areas.

9. Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Peace Education

   Format(s): Text

   The content in each volume of this e-journal is related to an aspect of building or maintaing a Civil Society - topics that affect students' personal or professional lives on a daily basis. The topic of this volume is peace education.

10. Chapter 2: Analyzing Conflict

    In: Language and Civil Society E-Journal: Peace Education Format(s): Text

    This chapter in the Peace Education volume of the Language and Civil Society e-journal provides learners with examples of situations in which conflict has occurred and a previously peaceful situation has become unpleasant, tense, or potentially violent.

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