The Trace Effects Teacher's Manual provides teachers a resource to learn how to teach English using Trace Effects, the exciting, collaborative English language learning game developed by the Department of State. The manual provides information on teaching using online games and gives ideas for extending beyond the game using easy, interactive tasks for Chapter 4 of Trace Effects.

This section presents three stand-alone English language-learning activities related to horses.

1. “H-O-R-S-E,” for beginner through advanced students, will allow students to practice spelling in a fun and interactive way.

2. “Horse Play,” for intermediate to advanced students, teaches idioms related to horses and has students create and perform a skit using the idioms.

3. “Hall of Heroes: Stories of Perseverance,” for intermediate to advanced students, introduces the concepts of heroes and perseverance and gives students a chance to write and share their work and write comments and questions about stories written by classmates.

This author asserts that the Gradual Release of Responsibility (GRR) model will improve teaching abilities in any setting. She explains the four stages of GRR—focus lesson, guided instruction, collaborative learning, and independent practice—and illustrates them with charts and scenarios and applies them through model lessons.

The co-authors of this article present interactive and student-centered dictogloss activities as alternatives to dictation exercises. The dictogloss activities are flexible enough to appeal to learners with different needs and interests and will encourage students to be active and reflective and to integrate reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills through social interaction.